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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

B. GOGHRANE.

COKE OVEN.

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B.- 'GOGHRAN 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented Apr. 17,1883.

FIC.5.

(No Model.)

jzimaf MW M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BRODIE OOOHRANE, OF DURHAM, COUNTY OF DURHAM, ENGLAND.

COKE-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 276,002, dated April 17, 1883. Application filed June 9, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England February 24, 1882, No. 90-].

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BRonIE Ooounaun, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and residing at Durham, in the county of Durham, England, have invented certain Improvements in Ovens for Making Coke, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 904, dated February 24, 1882,) of which the follow ing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in ovens for making coke, and has for its object to so construct the said ovens as to utilize to the utmost the otherwise waste heat radiated from the ovens for heating the air supplied to the interior of the oven, and at the same time to protect the ovens from the loss and irregularity of heat which occur at the upper part of ovens as ordinarily constructed, when the roofs or domes, being exposed to the open air, are liable to great and sudden changes of temperature owiugto winds, rain, snow, and atmospheric influences. My said improvements effectnot only an increased yield of coke, but also a considerable saving in the time necessary for coking.

According to my said invention Iform over the upper part or dome of the oven a second part or cover, leaving a space between its interior and the exterior of the ordinary upper part or dome. An adjustable opening is made through the outer part or cover for the passage of air into the said space, through or around which the air passes, being heated in its passage, and escaping, by an opening or openings in the inner cover'or wall, into the oven above the level of the coal being coked therein. The said air-space is preferably (though not necessarily) formed in separate chambers provided with passages, the one communicating with the other, and with stops or baffles so arranged as to cause the air to pass in and through the first chamber in one direction, then into the second chamber and therethrough in a direction the reverse of that in which it passed in the first chamber, and so on alternately, first in one direction and then in the other direction, until it finally issues into the oven; or a spirally-arranged wall or division may be made in the said space, forming a spiral chamber with the air-inlet to the space at one end and the air-outlet to the oven at the other end, whereby the air takes a-spiral course through the space continuonslyin the same direction. The

air, if desired, may be led into the aforesaid space through a passage or passages beneath the bottom of the oven or in connection with the flue, and thence by a passage or passages to the air-inlet to the said space.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section a coke-oven constructed according to my invention and Fig. 2 is a section of the top of the same, taken through the line 1 2, Fig. 1. The ordinary upper part or dome is marked A. Over this upperpart ordomelform a second partor cover, B, leaving a space between the exterior of the ordinary dome, A, and the interior of the cover B. Into this space the opening I) for air there-' to is made, the said opening being preferably provided with a damper, c, for adjusting the degree of opening for the passage of the air by the said opening to the said space. An air outlet or outlets from this space to the interiorof the oven is or are provided, as at a. In these figures, 1 and 2, I have shown the said space as being provided with a spiral wall or baffle, d, forming a spiral passage, 0, for the air, which is thus caused to take a course through the said passage from the inlet b te the exit a, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 2. In these figures I have also shown a chamber, F, provided with baffles f, as being built upon the main flue G, intowhieh the outlet-fluesg from the ovens pass, as usual. The said outlet-fines g are of course carried through the space between the dome A and cover B, so as not to communicate with the said space. The air, before it enters the space 6, passes into this cham ber F by the openingf and, becoming heated therein by the waste heat of the flue, passes by the passage f and by the opening 11 into the space 0. This chamber F may be in other situ ation where it can become heated by the waste heat of the oven. It may be beneath the oven, for example, if desired, in communication by passages with the air-inlet b, or it may be entirely dispensed with and the external air be admitted directly by the opening I). It will be understood that the spiral (I may be omitted, if desired, or that other bafliing arrangements may be employed to divide the space a, to give an extended passage for the air from theinlet b through the space a and to the interior of the oven. In place of but one additional upper part, forming but one air-space between itself and the ordinary roof or dome, as described, there may be two or more such additional upper parts, forming two or more airspaces, the air in this case passing from the outer space inward to and through the other spaces and eventually from theinnermost space to the oven; or each space may have a separate air-inlet and either each a separate inlet or inlets to the oven, or one common inlet or inlets; or the flame or products of combustion from the oven may be passed into one or more of the spaces, the other or others only being used as air-spaces, as aforesaid.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section or" an oven showing an example of this last-mentioned modification. There are three domes or covers, B B B ,additional to the ordinary dome, A. The spaces 0 e are in communication with each other and form the passage for the air to the oven. The space a is in communication with the exit from the oven, and forms part of the flue to the chimney, the products from the oven entering the said space 6 by the channel g, the said channel being continued past the space e through the surrounding brick-work g. The course of the products of combustion from the oven is indicated by the dotted arrows. The air enters the space 6 by the opening 1;, and passes therethrough and by the passage 1) in to the space 0 and therethrough and therefrom by the opening a into the interior of the oven;

It will be understood that my invention is applicable to coke-ovens of other forms than those shown in the drawings.

Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into efl'ect, I would observein conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim, is-

1. A coke-oven having over its ordinary dome, A, a second dome, B, with walls forming a series of communicating air-fines, with an air-inlet to the flues at one point and an airexit into the interior of the oven at another point, substantially as described.

2. The combination of acoke-oven having a dome, A, with a second dome, B,and communicating spiral flues 0, having at one end an airinlet, b, and at the other an air exit or exits, to, into the interior of the oven, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a coke-oven having air-fines over its dome with gas-exit flue Gr, air-fines I adjoining the gas-flue, and passage connecting the fines F with the flues of the dome, substantially as specified.

In witness whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BRODIE OOUHRANE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. MILLS, EDWD. GEo. DAVIES, Both of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields, London. 

